Definitions
- Fertile crescent- is the regions curved shape and the richness of its land. It includes the land facing the Mediterranean Sea and Mesopotamia.
- Mesopotamia- is greek, meaning "land between rivers" (between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers)
- City- state- is each city and the surrounding land and they are independent countries.
- A dynasty- is a series of rulers from a single family
- Cultural diffusion- is a new idea or a product that spreads form one culture to another
- Polytheism- is the belief in more than one GOD (Sumerians believed in Polytheism)
- Empire- brings together several peoples, nations, or previously independent states under the control of one ruler
- Hammurabi- ruled from1792 BC to 1750 BC. Put together a code of 282 laws called Hammurabi's code. Hammurabi's code was something that everyone lived by and followed or else they would be severely punished
Notes
- Syria, Iran, Iraq and Turkey are the modern day countries that were apart of the fertile crescent
- World's first surviving epic was the Epic of Gilgamesh
- DISADVANTAGES: unpredictable flooding, periods of no rain, defenseless, and natural resources were limited/scarce
- Tigris and Euphrates river surround the Fertile Crescent
- Sumers invented cuneiform, arithmetic, geometry, and architectural innovations
- Hammurabi created a set of 282 laws
- Hammurabi's code believed the punishment should fit the crime- eye for eye
5 key characteristics of Sumer
- Advanced cities
- Specialized workers
- Complex institutions
- Record keeping
- Technology
Notes we took today:
- Wandering nomads drove herds of domesticated animals in many areas, especially to the south of Sumer in Arabia
- Sumer was conquered by Akkadians- 2350 BC- their Gods took the place of previous Gods and were forced to worship them
- Hammurabi's code punished people that fit their crime
- "Eye for eye"
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